Английска граматика: Linking Expressions

Linking expressions – думи и словосъчетания в английския език, които  се използват за свързване на идеи и изречения.

Приложение на свързващите думи и фрази:

  • Изразяване на връзки между идеи;
  • Свързване на 2 или повече изречения;
  • Контрастиране на идеи;
  • Изразяване на причината за дадено нещо.

Writer’s purpose

Linking words and phrases

To add an idea
in addition, furthermore, moreover, also
To show time or sequence
meanwhile, first, second, then, next, later, finally
To contrast
however, nevertheless, though, in contrast, on the other hand
To show result
therefore, thus, consequently, as a result
To emphasize
in fact, of course, indeed, certainly
To provide an example
for example, for instance
To generalize or summarize
in general, overall, in short

Примерно упражнение по темата от системата на „Кабината“:

Най-честите употреби на linking expressions в английския език:

Добавяне на допълнителна информация или акцентиране върху нещо.

It’s crowded and expensive

  • And
  • In addition
  • As well as
  • Also
  • Too
  • Furthermore
  • Moreover
  • Apart from
  • In addition to
  • Besides

Контрастиране на идеи: изразяване на противоположна идея.

It was raining, but we went to the beach.

In spite of the cold, she went out in shorts.

  • But
  • However
  • Although / even though
  • Despite / despite the fact that
  • In spite of / in spite of the fact that
  • Nevertheless
  • Nonetheless
  • While
  • Whereas
  • Unlike
  • In theory… in practice…
  • On the contrary

Причина и резултат: изразяване на причината за нещо или на резултатът от нещо.

Because it was raining, we stayed home.

  • Therefore
  • So
  • Consequently
  • This means that
  • As a result
  • Because
  • Because of

Цел: за изразяване на цел.

Melanie was hurrying to catch her bus.

We have to borrow money in order to pay our bills.

  • To
  • In order (not) to, so as (not)to ( more formal)
  • So that
  • For

Сравнение:

Yesterday it was freezing cold, while today it’s quite warm.

I don’t want to be late for the meeting. On the other hand I don’t want to get there too early.

  • Whereas
  • While
  • On the other hand
  • Just As

Даване на примери:

I think Henry is a rude. He shouts at waiters, for example / for instance.

  • For example
  • For instance

Условности / Условни наклонения:

Betty might buy a car if she passes her test.

You won’t learn to use a keyboard properly unless you practice.

If you drive, don’t drink.

  • If
  • In the even that
  • Otherwise
  • Unless
  • In case

Свързване на последователни идеи:

Firstly, I began my education in London.

After that, we knew that there would be no problem!

In the end, he decided to postpone the project.

Beginning:

  • Firstly
  • First of all
  • To start off with
  • Initially

Continuing:

  • Then
  • After that
  • Next
  • As soon as / When + full clause
  • … but then
  • Immediately

Ending:

  • Finally
  • In the end
  • Eventually
  • Lastly

Причина:

The shop was closed due to illness.

The match has been cancelled because of the weather.

  • Because of
  • Due to
  • Owing to
  • in view of

Време: Използване на сегашно просто време за бъдеще.

As soon as Laura had left the house, it started to rain.

My leg hurts when I walk

  • As soon as = Immediately after
  • After = Later than
  • Before = earlier than
  • When =At the time
  • Since = From the time
  • As/ while = During the time.

Други свързващи думи / изрази:

  • Rephrasing: In other words.
  • Correcting yourself: I mean / Or rather
  • Dismissing something: Anyway
  • Supporting a statement: After all
  • Changing the subject: By the way

We play basketball. I mean volleyball.

It is a nice day, isn’t it? …Yes, beautiful. By the way, have you seen Melanie?

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